French
130 mm/45 (5.1") Models 1932 and 1935
Updated 16 May 2006

The Model 1932 was specifically designed for the Dunkerque class and was the first dual-purpose (DP) gun ever used as secondary armament on a capital ship.  The guns were used in three quad and two twin mounts.  The quad mount version of these guns was similar to the 330 mm (13") main guns in that they were really two dual gun mounts merged into a single turret.  This DP design was not successful, as the very complicated semi-automatic loading mechanism was prone to jamming.  The very high weight of these rounds led to rapid crew fatigue and much slower rates of fire.

The Model 1935 was a SP gun used on the first eight units of the Le Hardi destroyer class.  Only two of these ships, Le Hardi and Fleuret, were close to being completed before the Armistice.

In 1938, consideration was given to arming the last eight units of the Le Hardi class with the DP Model 1932 in order to improve their AA capability.  None of these ships were completed before the Armistice.

Used an autofretted barrel and a breech ring.  The breech block was vertically sliding in the DP version but horizontally sliding in the SP version.

WNFR_51-45_m1932_LeHardi_pic.jpg

Destroyer Le Hardi in April 1941
M. Bar Photograph

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Gun Characteristics
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Designation 130 mm/45 (5.1") Models 1932 and 1935
Ship Class Used On Model 1932:  Dunkerque and Joffre classes
Model 1935:  Le Hardi Classes
Date Of Design 1932 / 1935
Date In Service 1937 / 1939
Gun Weight 3.75 tons (3.81 mt)
Gun Length oa 245. 9 in (6.245 m)
Bore Length 232.2 in (5.899 m)
Rifling Length 198.8 in (5.049 m)
Grooves N/A
Lands N/A
Twist Uniform RH 1 in 25.59
Chamber Volume 811.1 in3 (13.292 dm3)
Rate Of Fire Model 1932:  10 - 12 rounds per minute

Model 1935:  10 - 15 rounds per minute

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Ammunition
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Type Fixed
Weight of Complete Round 116.8 lbs. (53.0 kg)
Projectile Types and Weights HE - 70.77 lbs. (32.1 kg)
HE - 65.1 lbs. (29.5 kg)
SAP - 70.8 lbs. (32.1 kg)
SAP - 73.6 lbs. (33.4 kg)
AA - 64.9 lbs. (29.5 kg)
Bursting Charge SAP - about 3.5 lbs. (1.6 kg)
HE - about 7 lbs. (3.2 kg)
Projectile Length SAP - 25.5 in (64.8 cm)
HE - 23 in (58.3 cm)
Complete SAP round - 53.1 in (134.9 cm)
Complete HE round - 50.7 in (128.4 cm)
Propellant Charge 19.3 lbs. (8.76 kg) BM9
Muzzle Velocity SAP:  2,625 fps (800 mps)
HE:  2,756 fps (840 mps)
Working Pressure 17.1 tons/in2 (2,700 kg/cm2)
Approximate Barrel Life about 900 rounds
Ammunition stowage per gun N/A
Note:  Ready ammunition in the quad mount rotating structure was 32 AA rounds and 16 surface rounds.
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Range
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Elevation Range
Range @ 45 degrees
70.77 lbs. (32.1 kg) HE Shell
22,750 yards (20,800 m)
Range @ 45 degrees
70.8 lbs. (32.1 kg) SAP Shell
22,820 yards (20,870 m)
AA Ceiling @ 75 degrees
64.9 lbs. (29.5 kg) AA Shell
About 40,000 feet (12,000 m)
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Mount / Turret Data
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Designation Twin DP Mounts
   Dunkerque (2) and Joffre (4):  Model 1932

Quad DP Mounts
   Dunkerque (3):  Model 1932

Twin SP Mounts
   Le Hardi (2):  Model 1935

Weight Twin DP:  79.9 tons (81.2 mt)

Quad DP:  197 tons (200 mt)

Twin SP:  32.1 tons (32.6 mt)

Elevation DP Mounts:  -10 / +75 degrees

SP Mounts:  -10 / +30 degrees (one source says +35 degrees)

Rate of Elevation DP Mounts:  6 degrees per second
(one source says 8 degrees per second)
Train Dunkerque:
   Lateral Quads:  175 degrees total
   Lateral Twins:  171 degrees total
   Centerline Quad:  -150 / +150 degrees

Le Hardi:  About -150 / +150 degrees

Rate of Train 12 degrees per second
Gun Recoil DP:  16.5 in (42 cm)
SP:  20 in (50 cm)
Loading Angle DP:  Any angle
SP:  Any angle up to +30 degrees
Notes:

1) The quadruple mountings were developed by St. Chamond and do not appear to have been very successful, with the loading system in particular being prone to defects.

2) The quad mounts were equipped with RPC from Sautter-Harlé.

3) The DP mountings had the dual guns in a single sleeve while the SP mountings had separate sleeves.

4) The SP mountings were base-ring types with pusher hoists which delivered two rounds at a time into drums pivoting on the trunnion axis.  Springs pushed the projectiles onto upper and lower loading trays from where they were power rammed into the gun breeches.  Electric power was used for training and elevation.  The distance between gun axes was 51.2 in (130 cm).

5) The DP mountings had a double hoist for each gun, one for AA rounds and one for surface rounds.  Rounds were passed by hand to the hoists which came up by the outer cradle trunnions of each pair and the rounds were passed to the loading tray by a combination of hydraulically powered tilting and rotating trays and slide tracks.  Rammers were pneumatic with the breech closing automatically after ramming.  Firing automatically ejected the cartridge case onto the loading tray after which it was manually passed onto a conveyor.  The distance between gun axes was 21.7 in (55 cm) between pairs and 96.5 in (245 cm) between the inner guns.  There was a 0.8 in (2 cm) bulkhead extending about 65% of the turret length between the gun pairs.  Training and elevation were both powered by 10 hp motors with Sautter-Harlé RPC.

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Data from
"Naval Weapons of World War Two" by John Campbell
"Battleships:  Allied Battleships in World War II" by W.H. Garzke, Jr. and R.O. Dulin, Jr.
"Destroyers of World War Two" and "Battleships of World War Two" both by M.J. Whitley