German
35 cm/45 (13.78") SK L/45
Updated 09 May 2006
Planned for the never-completed Mackensen Class battlecruisers.  These guns were later employed at Flanders as field artillery.
WNGER_14-45_skc14_Mackensen_Model_pic.jpg

Model of Mackensen at the Museum for Marine Science (Berlin)
This model was destroyed during World War II
Photograph copyrighted by Siegfried Breyer

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Gun Characteristics
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Designation 35 cm/45 (13.78") SK L/45
Ship Class Used On Mackensen Class
Date Of Design 1914
Date In Service 1917 (as Field Artillery)
Gun Weight
(see Note)
about 162,000 lbs. (73,500 kg)
Gun Length oa 620.1 in (15.750 m)
Bore Length N/A
Rifling Length N/A
Grooves N/A
Lands N/A
Twist N/A
Chamber Volume N/A
Rate Of Fire 2.5 rounds per minute
Note:  The often-seen figure of 216,273 lbs. (98,100 kg) for this weapon actually includes the weight of the Weige (gun cradle).
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Ammunition
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Type Cartridge - Bag
Projectile Types and Weights APC - 1,323 lbs. (600 kg)
Bursting Charge N/A
Projectile Length N/A
Propellant Charge Main Charge:  N/A
Fore Charge:  N/A
Brass case for main charge:  N/A
Muzzle Velocity 2,674 fps (815 mps)
Working Pressure 20.0 tons/in2 (3,150 kg/cm2)
Approximate Barrel Life When used as Field Artillery, one gun fired
578 rounds without exceeding its service life.
Ammunition stowage per gun 90 rounds
Note:  These guns, like most large caliber German guns, used a "fore charge" which was propellant in a silk bag, and a "main charge" which was propellant in a brass case.  The brass case helped to seal the breech of the gun. 
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Range
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Elevation For 1,323 lbs. (600 kg) AP shell
Range @ 16 degrees about 21,870 yards (20,000 m)
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Mount / Turret Data
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Designation Two-gun Turrets
   Mackensen (4):  N/A (Probably Drh LC/1914)
Weight  N/A
Elevation -8 / +16.0 degrees
Elevation Rate N/A
Train About +150 / -150 degrees
Train Rate N/A
Gun recoil N/A
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Data from
"Battleships of the World:  1905-1970" by Siegfried Breyer
"German Warships 1815-1945" by Erich Gröner
"Die Geschichte der deutschen Schiffsartillerie" by Paul Schmalenbach
"German Capital Ships of World War Two" by M.J. Whitley
Tony DiGiulian's personal files
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Special help from Peter Lienau